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Lesson 3: Paragraphs through Pre-Formatted Text

PARAGRAPHS:

You will often use paragraphs in HTML, just as you do when you write stories. The opening tag
for a paragraph is <p>, and the closing tag is </p>.

The closing tag for a paragraph is not always needed, but it's recommended using it anyway.

Example:

Bob starts to chase the chicken around. Bob trips over a string and goes flying into the pigs mud
pit! eww! What a pity!

<p>Bob starts to chase the chicken around. Bob trips over a string and goes flying into the pigs
mud pit! eww! What a pity!</p>

TEXT FORMATTING PROPERTIES:

If you had an entire web page without formatted text, it would look rather dull and boring. This is
why you use the formatted tags. Some common text formatting tags are:

<b> whatever </b> for BOLD

<i> whatever </i> for ITALICS

<u> whatever </u> for UNDERLINED

<tt> whatever </tt> for TYPEWRITER

TEXT FORMATTING PROPERTIES- FONT TAGS:

The <font size=n> and </font> tags come in handy.

"n" being the number of font points such as: 8, 10, 12, 14, etc. and are shown as +1, +2, +3, etc.
to change the size of the current font.

"n" can be shown in a positive or negative: a positive number will increase the font size, and a
negative will decrease the font size.

"n" can also be an absolute number, indicating an absolute size for the font ( not a relative size).

Example:

Bob is a Cool Guy isn't he?

ALIGN ATTRIBUTES:

Many tags support align attributes... if you want something to be aligned from the Left margin,
from the Center, or from the Right margin. The ALIGN attribute is places in the opening tag
before the >.

Examples:

<h1 align=left> Whatever </h1>

<h1 align=center> Whatever </h1>

<h1 align=right> Whatever </h1>

THE LINE BREAK:

When your HTML document is viewed, normally the text will do a word-wrap at the end of a line.
If you want to have a text BREAK (go to another line) you will use the <br> tag. this tag has NO
Closing tag.

Example:

Sentence 1

Sentence 2

Sentence 3

Sentence 1 <br>

Sentence 2 <br>

Sentence 3 <br>

PRE-FORMATTED TEXT:

If you wish to have text line up properly (a.k.a. fixed width text) that will include line breaks without
the use of <br> you may find the <pre> and </pre> tags helpful.

Example of Text WITHOUT pre-formatting:

The cat ran after the dog.^^-verb ^noun^-noun

The cat ran after the dog.

^ ^-verb ^noun

^-noun

HTML ignores the extra line breaks, so the text does not line up properly.

Example WITH Pre-Formatting:

The cat ran after the dog.

^ ^-verb ^noun

^-noun

<pre>

The cat ran after the dog.

^ ^-verb ^noun

^-noun

</pre>

Try this in your editor for your Home Page ("Home.htm"), between the lines <body> and </body>:

<h1> YOURNAME's Home Page </h1>

<hr>

This is the Home Page of <b> Your Name </b>

<p> type something about yourself here. Who you are, what you do for a living etc.. Remember to
use the bold and italic text, for emphasis. </p>

Save the file as "Home.htm".